The International Criminal Court (ICC) was seen as a breakthrough by many in 1998 - an end to international injustice; to genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes - it was set out to "create a fairer world". India has witnessed some major cases of human rights violation which led to a lot of bloodshed due to violent clashes between religious groups, ethnic clans and social groups. 1002 (1998), 2187 U.N.T.S. 333 of the United Nations Administrative Tribunal, Border and Transborder Armed Actions (Nicaragua v. Costa Rica), Border and Transborder Armed Actions (Nicaragua v. Honduras), Land, Island and Maritime Frontier Dispute, Applicability of the Obligation to Arbitrate under Section 21 of the United Nations Headquarters Agreement of 26 June 1947, Maritime Delimitation in the Area Between Greenland and Jan Mayen, Applicability of Article VI, Section 22, of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, Territorial Dispute (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya/Chad), Maritime Delimitation between Guinea-Bissau and Senegal, Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions between Qatar and Bahrain, Questions of Interpretation and Application of the 1971 Montreal Convention arising from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United Kingdom), Questions of Interpretation and Application of the 1971 Montreal Convention arising from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United States of America), Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America), Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia), Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict, Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria, Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Request for an Examination of the Situation in Accordance with Paragraph 63 of the Court's Judgment of 20 December 1974 in the Nuclear Tests, Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Paraguay v. United States of America), Difference Relating to Immunity from Legal Process of a Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights, Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 11 June 1998, Sovereignty over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan, Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Belgium), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Canada), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. France), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Germany), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Italy), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Netherlands), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Portugal), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. United Kingdom), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Spain), Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. United States of America), Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Burundi), Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Rwanda), Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Uganda), Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia v. Serbia), Territorial and Maritime Dispute between Nicaragua and Honduras in the Caribbean Sea, Application for the Revision of the Judgment of 11 July 1996 in the Case concerning Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Certain Property (Liechtenstein v. Germany), Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua v. Colombia), Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (New Application: 2002) (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Rwanda), Application for Revision of the Judgment of 11 September 1992 in the Case concerning the Land, Island And Maritime Frontier Dispute (El Salvador/Honduras: Nicaragua Intervening), Sovereignty over Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge, Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Dispute regarding Navigational and Related Rights, Status vis--vis the Host State of a Diplomatic Envoy to the United Nations, Certain Questions of Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 31 March 2004 in the Case concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals, Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo, Application of the Interim Accord of 13 September 1995, Questions relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite, Jurisdiction and Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters, Judgment No.2867 of the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization, International Fund for Agricultural Development, Certain questions concerning diplomatic relations, Certain Activities carried out by Nicaragua in the Border Area, Construction of a Road in Costa Rica along the San Juan River, Obligation to Negotiate Access to the Pacific Ocean, Maritime Delimitation in the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, Obligations concerning Negotiations relating to Cessation of the Nuclear Arms Race and to Nuclear Disarmament (Marshall Islands v. India), Obligations concerning Negotiations relating to Cessation of the Nuclear Arms Race and to Nuclear Disarmament (Marshall Islands v. Pakistan), Obligations concerning Negotiations relating to Cessation of the Nuclear Arms Race and to Nuclear Disarmament (Marshall Islands v. United Kingdom), Maritime Delimitation in the Indian Ocean, Dispute over the Status and Use of the Waters of the Silala, Land Boundary in the Northern Part of Isla Portillos, Application of the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism and of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965, Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Qatar v. United Arab Emirates), Alleged violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights, Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (The Gambia v. Myanmar), Allegations of Genocide under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Questions of Jurisdictional Immunities of the State and Measures of Constraint against State-Owned Property, United Nations Security Council resolution, List of Advisory Proceedings referred to the Court since 1946 by date of introduction, posted under the ICJ website with the rest of the, "Aerial Incident of 10 March 1953: Application", "Institution of Proceedings: Special Agreement", "Reports of Judgments, Advisory Opinions and Orders: Case Concerning the Territorial Dispute (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya/Chad)", announced its intention to seek an additional judgment, Indonesia and Malaysia jointly bring dispute over islands to the International Court of Justice, https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/case-related/116/116-20220209-PRE-01-00-EN.pdf, "Guyana files an application against Venezuela", "Press Release: The Court upholds the first preliminary objection raised by the United Arab Emirates and finds that it has no jurisdiction to entertain the Application filed by Qatar on 11 June 2018", "The Kingdom of Bahrain, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates submit to the International Court of Justice a joint Application constituting an appeal against a decision rendered by the ICAO Council", "The Kingdom of Bahrain, the Arab Republic of Egypt and the United Arab Emirates submit to the International Court of Justice a joint Application constituting an appeal against a decision rendered by the ICAO Council", "The Court seised of a dispute between Guatemala and Belize (press release)", "The Republic of The Gambia institutes proceedings against the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and asks the Court to indicate provisional measures (press release)", "Latest developments | Land and Maritime Delimitation and Sovereignty over Islands (Gabon/Equatorial Guinea) | International Court of Justice", "Latest developments | Proceedings instituted by Armenia on 16 September 2021 against Azerbaijan | International Court of Justice", "Latest developments | Proceedings instituted by Azerbaijan on 23 September 2021 against Armenia | International Court of Justice", "Latest developments | Proceedings instituted by Ukraine against the Russian Federation on 26 February 2022 | International Court of Justice", "Latest developments | Questions of jurisdictional immunities of the State and measures of constraint against State-owned property (Germany v. Italy) | International Court of Justice", International Court of Justice official list of cases, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_International_Court_of_Justice_cases&oldid=1116103025, Articles with dead external links from March 2022, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from October 2022, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 14 October 2022, at 20:35. Hoffman & Rumsey at 218. Make the Road New York v. This article provides insight into an international company that is dealing with human rights issues in its supply chain from the past, in particular modern slavery, but which in recent years has been one of the early adopters of ongoing human rights due diligence. HRC and IACHR). Hussain garnered support from a wide range of religious liberty advocates including the Religious Freedom Institute, Open Doors, and past members of United States Commission on International Religious Freedom including former chairs, Katrina Lantos-Swett and Robert George, as well as former Ambassador, Sam Brownback. Perpetrators often exploited the vulnerability of displaced girls, targeting them when they left camps to perform domestic chores, the reports noted. Below are 10 significant human rights events around the world that you should be aware of. The following map provides a quick tour to these cases, highlighting trends and themes, some positive, some negative. Most cases litigated by TRIAL International start at the domestic level, using the countrys array of criminal laws some being more permissive than others. UN Watch is a non-governmental organization based in Switzerland. In 2014, Clooney represented the Greek government in fighting for the return of the ancient Elgin Marbles from the British Museum to Greece More than 95,000 people have been officially registered as disappeared in Mexico, according to a UN committee. In the two most affected provinces of North Kivu and Ituri, UNHCR and its partners recorded more than 1,200 civilian deaths and 1,100 rapes, constituting a total of 25,000 human rights abuses. These range from large databases, to case summaries and factsheets. ["Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro)]. Forming a key part of international law, 181 cases have been entered onto the General List for consideration before the court. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The family of a man who died at the hands of Border Patrol agents at the San Ysidro Port of Entry more than a decade ago asked an international human rights tribunal Friday to instruct the United . The one case about an investors rights (Diallo) features an African state, not one of the typical capital exporting states, taking legal action on behalf of its citizen. Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. 50 Human Rights Cases That Transformed Britain A journey through 50 extraordinary human rights cases that transformed all of our lives. I'm gonna go out on a limb here and assume that not many of us have read the IOC's Olympic Charter (pdf). They include decisions of the U.N. Human Rights Committee, the U.N. The fallen statue of Colonel Gaddafi. Under international criminal law, individuals can be held responsible for violations of international criminal law. Add to these cases on the execution of minors, anti-homosexuality laws, and treating a persons DNA as their private matter, and we see how far the law has developed. A number of special criminal courts have been established to deal with specific situations during a limited period of time. Here are just a few notable cases Amal Alamuddin Clooney has worked on throughout her career: 1. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. So Georgia gets minor revenge for Russias invasion and annexation by suing Russia for racial discrimination. But while criminal law deals with individual deeds, human rights law addresses State responsibility. Only states have standing to bring a compulsory claim against another state, and then only with the consent of the responding state. Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America)]. International Criminal Court: A timeline of its most famous cases. Reading Time: 5 minutes On February 28, 2020, the Supreme Court of Canada refused to strike damages claims for international human rights abuses and Canadian torts by three former workers at a Canadian majority-owned mining company in Eritrea. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT, 1984), Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC, 1989), International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW, 1990), Burundi: Sixty-five NGOs call for immediate release of journalists. The modern proliferation of rights is often a topic of humorous exaggeration. News from inside North Korea often comes to the West years later, so similar incidents are believed to have occurred in 2021. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. The trial against Anwar Raslan and Eyad al-Gharib, two former officers of the Syrian government's security apparatus ope We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best browsing experience on our website. Fax: (202) 547-8165, report UN-appointed independent investigators, Explainer: UN report details the Chinese governments human rights violations, Why we need to rebuild the Refugee Resettlement Program, What our faith says about caring for immigrants and refugees, Everyone can do something to care for orphans, Explainer: Number of missing girls in India on the decline. In many cases, we work for years to win someone's freedom, and in some cases we're the only organization fighting for them. An alarming number of human rights abuses have been carried out against civilians this year by armed groups in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, says UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR). "Legality of Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. Spain). Note: this date is for the final opinion, for the "second phase". They appear to have been used as part of a deliberate strategy to terrorize, degrade and humiliate the victims and the ethnic minority group that they belong to with acquiescence of the State and non-State actors parties to the conflict, said experts appointed by the UN. In total, more than a million Congolese have been internally displaced in the eastern part of the country. The IACHR promotes and protects human rights in the Western Hemisphere. While they can find the State responsible and condemn it, they cannot compel it to change behavior. In February, the Myanmar military took control of the country and declared a year-long state of emergency following a general election that Suu Kyi and her National League for Democracy (NLD) party won by a landslide. 1203 Geneva However, they sometimes fail to protect all their citizens political, ethic or religious bias sometimes lead the authorities to neglect parts of their population. A historic opportunity to bring justice to Gambian victims of torture? As described earlier under Court Decisions, the Hague Justice Portal gathers public international law cases, including human rights and international criminal law decisions from courts located in the Hague. In the early days of the court, any formally correct application was accepted by the registrar and entered on to the General List. Why? International human rights law includes the jurisprudence of international courts (i.e. Syria Assad's atrocities against the people of Syria continued and ten years have passed since people have fought for dignity and freedom. Religious freedom is under assault around the globe and his position is vital to confronting those who would undermine this fundamental right., One of the early tests for Hussain will be confronting China on the atrocities being carried out against the Uyghur people. More than 100 cases of sexual violence against girls were verified by the UN in the first quarter of 2021. [8] In such a situation, however, the mere addition of a dispute to the General List does not have legal significance. Explore our map of 50 landmark human rights cases, each with a brief description and a link to a free article or report on the case. 1002 (1998), 2187 U.N.T.S. There is a debate currently occurring among scholars and human rights litigators concerning the propriety of using US domestic courts for international human rights cases, especially in light of the fact that US officials appear to be immune from such actions. trialinternational.org. In both cases, individual victims have suffered serious abuse, and the crimes are of similar nature. As discussed under the Develoment of International Human Rights Law, the international human rights system has traditionally focused on holding states internationally responsible for human rights violations. Whereas you wouldnt be surprised to see a post-Apartheid decision from the South African domestic courts in this list, it is instructive to see a case from Ugandan domestic courts on press freedom. 90. According to Human Rights Watch, protestors who were detained by the government described beatings, prolonged stress positions, electric shocks, and in at least one case, rape. Where it does address these topics there is a novel twist: on torture, whether it is OK to extradite criminals to a place where they face torture; on free speech, whether Holocaust denial should be protected. [1], The jurisdiction of the ICJ is limited. [2][3] Although these advisory opinions are not binding under international law, they do provide the ICJ's interpretation of what international law is. The ICC was established under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 37 I.L.M. When civilians protested, the military responded by imposing a brutal crackdown that killed hundreds of people. These cases exemplify a great breadth of rights beyond the classic civil and political rights of freedom from torture, or free speech. Fighting for individuals' rights. There is also the range of fora in Africa that offer remedies. ICJ and ECHR) and other international bodies with quasi-judicial properties (i.e. This page is dedicated to some of those landmark cases and the women's stories behind them. While that is horribly true in places there are also aspects of the cases highlighted in our map that might surprise some. This is in line with the goal of SDG target 8.7 which is to take immediate and effective measures to eradicate Ordinarily Russia could refuse to submit to a legal procedure at the ICJ, but the CERD contains a provision saying that in any dispute under that treaty between two states that have ratified it (which Russia and Georgia had) both parties must agree to the jurisdiction of the ICJ. Subscribe to our monthly newsletter on TRIAL Internationals activities and the latest developments in international justice. Across all of our work, Amnesty International exposes individual cases of human rights abuses - and fights for freedom. Hussain garnered support from a wide range of religious liberty advocates including the Religious Freedom Institute, Open Doors, and past members of United States Commission on International Religious Freedom including former chairs, Katrina Lantos-Swett and Robert George, as well as former Ambassador, Sam Brownback. Fax: (615) 242-0065, 505 Second St., N.E. The organization's vision is a just and strong UN. Many of the world's most popular food and household companies are selling food, cosmetics and other everyday staples containing palm oil, an ingredient that is tainted by shocking human rights abuses. It was established to promote the protection of universal human rights as set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and monitor the UN in accordance with its founding Charter. Application for Revision of the Judgment of 11 September 1992 in the Case concerning the, Conditions of Admission of a State to Membership in the United Nations, Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations, Case Concerning the Protection of French Nationals and Protected Persons in Egypt, Interpretation of Peace Treaties with Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania, Competence of the General Assembly for the Admission of a State to the United Nations, International Status of South West Africa, Rights of Nationals of the United States of America in Morocco, Reservations to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 20 November 1950 in the Asylum Case, Effect of Awards of Compensation Made by the United Nations Administrative Tribunal, Treatment in Hungary of Aircraft and Crew of the United States (United States v. Hungary), Treatment in Hungary of Aircraft and Crew of the United States (United States v. Soviet Union), Voting Procedure on Questions relating to Reports and Petitions concerning the Territory of South West Africa, Judgements of the Administrative Tribunal of the ILO upon Complaints made against UNESCO, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Admissibility of Hearings of Petitioners by the Committee on South West Africa, Application of the Convention of 1902 Governing the Guardianship of Infants, Arbitral Award Made by the King of Spain on 23 December 1906, Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company, Compagnie du Port, des Quais et des Entrepts de Beyrouth and Socit Radio-Orient (France v. Lebanon), Constitution of the Maritime Safety Committee of the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization, South West Africa (Ethiopia v. South Africa), South West Africa (Liberia v. South Africa), Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company, Limited, Legal Consequences for States of the Continued Presence of South Africa in Namibia (South West Africa) notwithstanding Security Council Resolution 276, Appeal Relating to the Jurisdiction of the ICAO Council, Fisheries Jurisdiction (Germany v. Iceland), Fisheries Jurisdiction (United Kingdom v. Iceland), Application for Review of Judgement No.
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